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Cytokines Measurement The levels of TNF- and IL-1 in serum and peritoneal lavage fluid collected at 24 h post CLP induction were quantified by Enzime-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) using an appropriate commercial kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, Canada) according to the manufacturer's instructions

The authors did not find any difference in disc degeneration using MRI at a mean follow up of 18.6 years

Abnormal iron accumulation induces neuronal ferroptosis and exacerbates oxidative damage, thereby contributing to the development and progression of NDDs (Dusek et al., 2022)

The primary mechanism involves actin regulation

R 2 H, CH 3 , CH 2 CH 3 , or CH(CH 3 ) 2

Chondrogenesis induction using pellet culture Nave (control), GSH-low, and GSH-high MSCs (5 10 5 cells, respectively) were centrifuged at 1,500 rpm for 5 min to obtain cell pellets